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__** WESTERN AUSTRALIA **__

Perth is the capital city of Western Australia with a population of 1,602,559. The floral emblem of Western Australia is the Mangles’ Kangaroo Paw( top right) and the faunal emblem is the Numbat (left of Kangaroo paw) and the bird emblem of Western Australia is the Black Swan(under text). The climate of W.A in winter is 14 degrees during the day. In summer it is 32 degrees. The time zone for Western Australia is the Australian Western Standard Time or two hour behind Australian Eastern Standard Time. Some of Western Australia’s major industries are agriculture because of the vast land to plant crops; other major industries are wheat, wool, beef and lamb. Is also a big supplier of minerals like diamonds, alumina, iron ore mineral sand, - monazite; ilmenite; rutile/synruite and zircon. ** History ** ** Aboriginal History ** Aboriginals have been in Australia for about 120,000 years and in that time they have created 21 different groups within Western Australia, including Wunambal and Ngarinyin. Mostly each group spoke a different language. The Dreaming period was a creation time and the Dreaming beings were thought as ancestors and in the dreaming, beings wandered on the flat land, and did things that aborigines would do like hunt or dig for food, perform ceremonies, build shelters or leave markings. Every person was associated with a particular being and the land associated with that particular was very sacred and important to them. ** European History ** In 1829 Europeans began the Swan River Settlement. Europeans didn’t believe Aborigines held any rights to the land. They thought Aborigines weren’t using the land profitably, so they grew crops where the Aborigines usually gather food, they were also cut off from hunting areas, so a battle was unavoidable, in order to eat Aborigines had to attack British livestock. The British thought this was against the law. In 1834 a British man called Nesbit was speared to death by a group of Aboriginals. A group of soldiers led by Governor Stirling went to the Pinjarra District where the murder occurred. He found a group of Aborigines of the bank of the Murray River, south of Perth, and he opened fire on them, about 13 died. This is now know as the battle of Pinjarra. The Europeans thought the killing was good and that Aboriginals deserved what they received. The Swan River Settlement Experienced an epidemic of influenza in 1841 more died in 1845.
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**Government and Laws** There are three levels of government in Western Australia: Federal, state and local. There are two house of parliament; lower house legislative assembly makes laws, upper house legislative council, reviews laws. There are 34 members of the legislative council and 57 members of the legislative assembly. The state government is in charge of education, transport (state roads and railways), health (hospitals), local government, law and order and environmental protection. The responsibilities of local council are construction and maintenance of roads, sewerage and drainage systems and also social services like sporting facilities, child care and libraries. **Police** The Western Australia Police are responsible for preserving peace, protecting life and property, preventing crime and arresting offenders. In 1994 there were 4217 police officers in the Western Australia police department. The aim of neighbourhood and rural watch is to get the community involved with crime prevention. Some school have school based police officers to help encourage a positive attitude. The most frequently committed crime is stealing then burglary, damage and motor vehicle and the least committed crime is homicide (murder) and 98% of murders are solved. **Courts** There are different courts for different issues. The children’s court hears offences by people under the age of 18 and matters to do with the care or protection of children. The Magistrates’ court is really three different courts, they are: The court of petty sessions for minor criminal offences, local courts for minor civil matters, Coroners’ court hears cases surrounding someone’s death as unexpected violent or suspicious, District courts of Western Australia hears civil and criminal matters, the criminal maybe tried before a judge and 12 jurors. Some civil cases will be tried before a judge and 6 jurors, the supreme court of Western Australia is the highest court in the state. It hears appeals against decision made in the district and magistrates’ court and it also hears serious criminal matters like murder and civil matters. **Prisons** The Western Australian Department of Corrective Services are responsible for managing 14 prisons in the state. Instead of a prison term the department supervises prisoners doing community work. In prison the prisoners are able to work, study and gain new skills. In 1992-93 an average of 1873 offenders were in prison. **Landmarks and Tourist Attractions** Shark Bay is a world heritage area and also home to large herds of Dugong which feed on seagrass. Monkey Mia is a unique place to experience dolphins coming close to shore and swimming around people. Dirk Hartog Island is where the first European, Dirck Hartog, to set foot on Western Australian soil. The kimberlys in the north-west of the state, takes up 420,000 square kilometres which is three times the size of England. In the kimberlys there is a town called Broome which has a stunning beach called Cable Beach. The Purnululu National Park holds rock formations called Bungle Bungles. Kalgoolie, Coolgardie are the two best know mining towns in Australia. Kalgoolie has the richest square mile of land in the world it is also proved. **Native Plants and Animals** On Rottness Island there are 10,000 Quokkas which are kangaroo like marsupial but smaller and if they eat unsuitable food they get ill, so the rangers created rules to stop tourist feeding them. There are two main species of kangaroo they are western grey and red kangaroo. The red kangaroo is the largest marsupial, sometimes they can even grow larger than a man. Red kangaroo’s rather more arid areas. The kookaburra is the largest member of the kingfisher family. They use their unique laugh to stake their territory. Western Australia is home to 12,000 species of wildflowers, the flowers keep blossoming for five months. 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